Hot water is essential for avoiding cold showers, especially in colder climates. Historically, water was heated using sunlight, but this method proved unreliable, particularly at night or during cloudy weather. To address this, two primary systems were developed: solar hot water systems and gas hot water systems. These systems differ in their energy sources, installation requirements, and overall efficiency.
The Solar Hot Water System
Solar heating systems rely heavily on solar heat as the name suggests. It uses a system of heating platforms to concentrate solar radiation on heating water. Usually, these types of heating systems are readily available in areas with year-long warm climates. However, in temperate regions, solar heating might become a problem.
There are three types of solar heating systems available today:
- Flat-Plate Collectors
These systems use flat panels to absorb sunlight and transfer the heat to water stored in tanks. They are cost-effective but less efficient in cold or cloudy conditions. The system can be installed on a roof or the ground, with the tanks connected to the plumbing for easy access. - Heat Pump Systems
These systems use sunlight to heat air, which is then used to heat water. An electric motor pumps the heated air into a chamber to transfer the heat to the water. - Evacuated Tube Collectors
This system uses glass tubes to collect sunlight and transfer radiant energy to heat water in containers. It offers higher efficiency than flat-plate collectors but is more expensive than the other options.
Advantages of Solar Hot Water System
- They reduce electricity and gas bills.
- Maintenance costs are low.
- They are environmentally friendly.
- Installation and maintenance are straightforward.
- They use a renewable energy source.
Disadvantages of Solar Hot Water System
- The upfront installation cost is high.
- Efficiency depends on climate and sunlight availability.
- They are designed only for heating water.
- Seasonal changes can reduce heating performance.
- Hot water availability is limited by tank capacity.
Average Cost of Solar Hot Water Systems in Australia
In Australia, solar hot water systems typically cost between $3,000 and $7,000, including installation. Flat-plate collector systems are usually at the lower end of the range, while more efficient evacuated tube systems are at the higher end. Systems with advanced features or larger capacities may cost more.
Government Rebates and Incentives
Government programs like the Small-scale Renewable Energy Scheme (SRES) offer Small-scale Technology Certificates (STCs) to reduce upfront costs. Some states, such as Victoria, also provide additional rebates, like up to $1,000 for eligible heat pump or solar hot water systems.
Long-term Savings
Solar hot water systems can reduce water heating bills by up to 80%, offering significant savings over time. Despite the higher upfront cost, these systems are an efficient and eco-friendly choice for Australian households.
The Gas Hot Water System
Gas hot water is a type of heating system that is advisable for homes with an existing gas line. In cases where gas lines are not present, the use of portable LPG gas tanks are an option. Gas hot water systems use combustion to heat water and pipe it throughout the house. It’s more efficient compared to solar as it’s still effective even in cold weather and colder climate.
There are two main types of gas water heating systems;
- Gas Continuous Flow Systems
These tankless systems heat water as it passes through a gas-heated pipe. They provide a constant supply of hot water, making them an efficient and space-saving option. Without the need for a storage tank, they are also cost-effective and suitable for smaller spaces. - Gas Hot Water Cylinders
This traditional system uses a water tank heated by a gas-fed furnace. Pumps distribute hot water throughout the house. These systems are reliable but require more space compared to continuous flow systems.
Advantages of Gas Hot Water System
- Cost-efficient water heating.
- Heats water quickly.
- Provides a continuous supply of hot water.
- Low running costs compared to electric systems.
- Temperature control with electronic systems.
- Convenient and easy to use.
- Performs well in cold climates.
Disadvantages of Gas Hot Water Systems
- May not work during power outages.
- Risk of mould contamination in storage tanks.
- Produces carbon emissions.
- High installation costs.
- Requires regular maintenance.
- Needs adequate indoor space for installation.
- Shorter lifespan compared to solar systems.
- Potential safety risks due to volatile gases.
The Average Cost of Gas Hot Water Systems
In Australia, the cost of installing a gas hot water system typically ranges from $700 to $1,800, depending on the system type and size. Installation costs, which can vary based on complexity and location, usually add $200 to $400. This brings the total cost to around $2,000 for most installations.
Gas systems are more affordable than solar hot water systems, which can cost $3,000 to $7,000. They also have relatively low maintenance costs. However, repairs and replacements may increase expenses over time.
While gas systems are cost-effective upfront, they have an environmental drawback due to carbon emissions. When considering options, balance the initial costs, ongoing expenses, and environmental impact to choose the best water heating solution for your needs.
Conclusion
Solar hot water systems use energy from the sun to heat water, offering a sustainable option for reducing energy use. The sun provides enough energy in an hour to meet global energy needs for a year. However, their efficiency depends on sunlight, weather, and time of day. Gas hot water systems, on the other hand, provide consistent hot water regardless of weather or time. They also work during power outages, as gas burners can be used. The drawback of gas systems is the carbon emissions they produce.
For solar and gas hot water systems, contact Hogan Hot Water and Air Conditioning. We are a family-owned business offering efficient installations and expert advice to ensure reliable and cost-effective solutions.